Terorisme

Terorisme, dalam arti yang paling umum, penggunaan sistematis teror terutama sebagai sarana pemaksaan. Pada saat ini, komunitas internasional telah mampu merumuskan universal disepakati, mengikat secara hukum, hukum pidana definisi terorisme . definisi terorisme umum hanya mengacu pada tindakan-tindakan kekerasan yang dimaksudkan untuk menciptakan ketakutan (teror), yang dilakukan untuk tujuan ideologis (sebagai lawan dari serangan tunggal), dan sengaja target atau mengabaikan keselamatan non-kombatan (sipil).

Some definitions also include acts of unlawful violence and war. Beberapa definisi juga termasuk tindakan melanggar hukum kekerasan dan perang. The history of terrorist organizations suggests that they do not select terrorism for its political effectiveness. Individual terrorists tend to be motivated more by a desire for social solidarity with other members of their organization than by political platforms or strategic objectives, which are often murky and undefined. Sejarah organisasi teroris menunjukkan bahwa mereka tidak pilih terorisme untuk efektivitas politik. teroris Individu cenderung lebih termotivasi oleh keinginan untuk solidaritas sosial dengan anggota lain dari organisasi mereka daripada dengan platform politik atau tujuan strategis, yang sering keruh dan tidak terdefinisi.

The word "terrorism" is politically and emotionally charged, and this greatly compounds the difficulty of providing a precise definition. Kata "terorisme" secara politis dan emosional, dan senyawa ini sangat kesulitan memberikan definisi yang tepat. Studies have found over 100 definitions of “terrorism”. The concept of terrorism may itself be controversial as it is often used by state authorities to delegitimize political or other opponents, and potentially legitimize the state's own use of armed force against opponents (such use of force may itself be described as "terror" by opponents of the state.). A less politically and emotionally charged, and more easily definable, term is violent non-state actor (though the semantic scope of this term includes not only "terrorists," while excluding some individuals or groups who have previously been described as "terrorists").

Penelitian telah menemukan 100 definisi "" terorisme. Konsep terorisme mungkin sendiri menjadi kontroversial karena sering digunakan oleh otoritas negara untuk delegitimize atau lawan-lawan politiknya, dan berpotensi melegitimasi negara sendiri menggunakan kekuatan bersenjata melawan musuh (penggunaan tersebut mungkin kekuatan sendiri digambarkan sebagai "teror" oleh lawan-lawan dari negara..) A kurang politis dan secara emosional, dan lebih mudah didefinisikan, istilah adalah kekerasan non-negara aktor (meskipun lingkup semantik istilah ini tidak hanya mencakup "teroris," sementara tidak termasuk beberapa individu atau kelompok yang sebelumnya telah digambarkan sebagai "teroris").

Terrorism has been practiced by a broad array of political organizations for furthering their objectives. Terorisme telah dilakukan oleh sejumlah jajaran organisasi politik untuk melanjutkan tujuan mereka. It has been practiced by both right-wing and left-wing political parties, nationalistic groups, religious groups, revolutionaries, and ruling governments. One form is the use of violence against noncombatants for the purpose of gaining publicity for a group, cause, or individual. Telah dilakukan oleh sayap dan sayap kiri kanan kedua partai politik, nasionalis kelompok, kelompok agama, revolusioner, dan pemerintah yang berkuasa. Salah satu bentuk adalah penggunaan kekerasan terhadap warga sipil untuk tujuan mendapatkan publisitas untuk kelompok, menyebabkan, atau individu

Indonesia Raya

Indonesia Raya adalah lagu kebangsaan Republik Indonesia. Lagu ini pertama kali diperkenalkan oleh komponisnya, Wage Rudolf Soepratman, pada tanggal 28 Oktober 1928 pada saat Kongres Pemuda II di Batavia. Lagu ini menandakan kelahiran pergerakan nasionalisme seluruh nusantara di Indonesia yang mendukung ide satu "Indonesia" sebagai penerus Hindia Belanda, daripada dipecah menjadi beberapa koloni.

Stanza pertama dari Indonesia Raya dipilih sebagai lagu kebangsaan ketika Indonesia mem[p]roklamasikan kemerdekaannya pada tanggal 17 Agustus 1945.

Indonesia Raya dimainkan pada upacara bendera. Bendera Indonesia dinaikkan dengan khidmat dan gerakan yang diatur sedemikian supaya bendera mencapai puncak tiang bendera ketika lagu berakhir. Upacara bendera utama diadakan setiap tahun pada tanggal 17 Agustus untuk memperingati hari kemerdekaan Indonesia. Upacara ini dipimpin oleh Presiden Indonesia.

Kuta

Kuta is administratively a district (kecamatan) and subdistrict/village (kelurahan) in southern Bali, Indonesia. A former fishing village, it was one of the first towns on Bali to see substantial tourist development, and as a beach resort remains one of Indonesia's major tourist destinations. It is known internationally for its long sandy beach, varied accommodation, many restaurants and bars, and many renowned surfers who visit from Australia. It is located near Bali's Ngurah Rai Airport.

Kuta was the site of the October 12, 2002 1st Bali bombing (202 killed) and the October 1, 2005 2nd Bali bombing (26 killed). The Balinese Provincial Government have taken the view that the preservation of the Balinese culture, natural resources and wildlife are of primary importance in the development of the island. To this end they have limited tourist development to the peninsula on the extreme southern aspect of the island; Kuta beach is on the western side of this peninsula and Sanur is on the east. To the north of the peninsula no new tourist development is supposedly permitted.

To the south, Kuta Beach extends beyond the airport into Jimbaran. Other nearby towns and villages include Seseh (6.4 nm), Denpasar (4.5 nm), Ujung (1.8 nm), Pesanggaran (2.0 nm), Kedunganan (2.9 nm) and Tuban (1.0 nm).

Punk rock

Punk rock is a rock music genre that developed between 1974 and 1976 in the United States, the United Kingdom and Australia. Rooted in garage rock and other forms of what is now known as protopunk music, punk rock bands eschewed the perceived excesses of mainstream 1970s rock. They created fast, hard-edged music, typically with short songs, stripped-down instrumentation, and often political, anti-establishment lyrics. Punk embraces a DIY (do it yourself) ethic, with many bands self-producing their recordings and distributing them through informal channels.

By late 1976, bands such as the Ramones, in New York City, and the Sex Pistols and The Clash, in London, were recognized as the vanguard of a new musical movement. The following year saw punk rock spreading around the world. Punk quickly, though briefly, became a major cultural phenomenon in the United Kingdom. For the most part, punk took root in local scenes that tended to reject association with the mainstream. An associated punk subculture emerged, expressing youthful rebellion and characterized by distinctive styles of clothing and adornment and a variety of anti-authoritarian ideologies.

By the beginning of the 1980s, faster, more aggressive styles such as hardcore and Oi! had become the predominant mode of punk rock. Musicians identifying with or inspired by punk also pursued a broad range of other variations, giving rise to post-punk and the alternative rock movement. By the turn of the century, pop punk had been adopted by the mainstream, with bands such as Green Day and The Offspring bringing the genre widespread popularity.